.. _animations-plots:

Animations
=========================================================================================

Animations can be created by frame varying geometry, color, and orientation.
As demonstrated in most of these examples, code development is primarily the
frame sequence algorithms, whereas minimal development is needed for surface 
creation using S3Dlib. 


The following examples were constructed using Matplotlib
`FuncAnimation <https://matplotlib.org/api/_as_gen/matplotlib.animation.FuncAnimation.html#matplotlib.animation.FuncAnimation>`_ .
Final conversion to animated png file format used
`ezGIF <https://ezgif.com/apng-maker>`_
with the temporary frame files generated by the *writer* in the call to *anin.save*.



Rotation visualizations
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

A surface may be perceived as rotating either by:

* Method 0: changing the viewing direction, or
* Method 1: changing the viewing and lighting directions, or
* Method 2: only rotational transforms of the surface with a constant lighting direction.  

These can produce identical 'stationary viewer' results.  Method 2 is used if additional
objects in the visualization need to be stationary.  A 'stationary object' will be perceived when
only the viewing direction is changed, leaving the lighting direction unchanged. For
methods 1 and 2, the object needs to change geometry and color per frame.  This requires the
'old' object to be removed from the axes, then the 'new' objects added to the axes for each frame.

.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_bases.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_bases.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Method 1 - axis view controlling color</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_bases.png
   :class: docfig

Platonic Solids

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>







.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_earth_moon.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_earth_moon.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Method 2 - stationary moon</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_earth_moon.png
   :class: docfig

Moon with Rotating Earth

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>







.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_retinal_scan.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_retinal_scan.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Method 0 - Stationary object with rotation of the view</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_retinal_scan.png
   :class: docfig

Retinal Scan

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>








.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_lab_rot.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_lab_rot.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Method 2 - stationary background axis planes</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_lab_rot.png
   :class: docfig

Lab Color Space

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>





.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_cmap_rot.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_cmap_rot.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Method 2 - stationary background axis planes</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_cmap_rot.png
   :class: docfig

Cmap in Lab Space

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>







.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_wturbine.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_wturbine.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Method 2 - object rotation about the Y-axis.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_wturbine.png
   :class: docfig

Wind Turbine

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>






.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_pycube.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_pycube.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Method 1 - axis view controlling shading and highlighting</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_pycube.png
   :class: docfig

Python Cube

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>








.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_fig_8_knot.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_fig_8_knot.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">&#x25A8;<br/>Method 1 - axis view controlling surface color</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_fig_8_knot.png
   :class: docfig


.. raw:: html

    &#x25A8;<br/>Dual Surface Face Color
    </div></a>






.. raw:: html

    <div style='clear:both'></div>


Parametric Surface Transforms
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The following are examples of transformations between two 3D surfaces via a single parameter.



.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_cat2heli.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_cat2heli.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">&#x25A8;<br/>Parametric changes between a catenoid to helicoid surface. </span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_cat2heli.png
   :class: docfig


.. raw:: html

    &#x25A8;<br/>Catenoid to Helicoid
    </div></a>













.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_klein.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_klein.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Visualization of (&theta;,Z) &rarr; (x,y,z)</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_klein.png
   :class: docfig

Cylinder to Klein Bottle

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>







.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_boy2roman_contours.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_boy2roman_contours.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Parametric changes between the Boy and Roman surface spherical contours.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_boy2roman_contours.png
   :class: docfig

Boy to Roman Contour Animation

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>



.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_rgb_lab_hsv.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_rgb_lab_hsv.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Surface transformations among RGB, Lab and HSV color spaces.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_rgb_lab_hsv.png
   :class: docfig

RGB to Lab to HSV

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>








.. raw:: html

    <div style='clear:both'></div>

Function Parameters 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Single or multiple function parameters defining surface geometry are varied
during the sequence of animation frames.

.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_tube_disp.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_tube_disp.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Geometric surface animation producing a vibrating cylinder.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_tube_disp.png
   :class: docfig

Time Sequence Animation

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>








.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_hypercube.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_hypercube.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Rotations of a hypercube.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_hypercube.png
   :class: docfig

Hypercube Animation

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>







.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_conic.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_conic.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Transition of planar contours on a surface.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_conic.png
   :class: docfig

Conic Sections

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>








.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_dini.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_dini.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">&#x25A8;<br/>Continuous changes in multiple surface parameters.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_dini.png
   :class: docfig


.. raw:: html

    &#x25A8;<br/>Dini Surface Animation
    </div></a>








.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_complex.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_complex.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Animation of a complex number taken to a whole or fractional power.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_complex.png
   :class: docfig

Complex Number to a Power

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>




.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_loop_cmap.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_loop_cmap.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Animation using colormap transparency to 'hide' a section of the geometry.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_loop_cmap.png
   :class: docfig

Colormap Frame Animation

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>










.. raw:: html

    <div style='clear:both'></div>

Internal Volume Visualizations
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Visualization of volume interiors are produced by combinations of sequentially mapping 
multiple surfaces and also sequentially clipping and translating surfaces.


.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_inner_earth.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_inner_earth.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">&#x25A8;<br/>Annimated slices through a sphere.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_inner_earth.png
   :class: docfig

.. raw:: html

    &#x25A8;<br/>Earth Interior
    </div></a>











.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_rgb_cube.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_rgb_cube.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Producing a 3D solid object slicing perception in RGB color space.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_rgb_cube.png
   :class: docfig

RGB Mapping

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>









.. toctree::
   :hidden:

   animations/anim_hsv_cylinder.rst

.. raw:: html

    <a href="animations/anim_hsv_cylinder.html">
    <div class="docbutton">
    <span class="tooltiptext">Producing a 3D solid object slicing perception in HSV color space.</span>

.. only:: html

.. image:: animations/images/static_hsv_cylinder.png
   :class: docfig

HSV Mapping

.. raw:: html

    </div></a>